Many people on their skin have soft benign colorful growth.In most cases they have a "leg".In everyday life, these skin formations were nicknamed warts.But in dermatology, they are called papillomas.
These neoplasms can occur anywhere on the body.However, the most common are armpits, neck and inguinal region.If you do not pay attention to them, they may increase in size, injure when contacting clothes and bleed.
Because skin polyps arise, if they should contact a doctor and how to get rid of them forever - we will consider it in our article.
Why papillomas appear
The main culprit of this pathology is HPV or human papillomavirus.There are almost everyone in the body.But not everyone has external manifestations in the form of growth.This is due to the fact that, with good health, the virus is suppressed safely by immune cells.And after 2-3 years, in most cases, it disappears regardless of the body.
What is this virus?HPV is a non -theating virus that is incorporated into skin DNA from the skin and mucous membranes.It is located on the surface without leaving the deep layers of the dermis.
Long months, and even years he is in a sleeping state.With a decrease in immunity for several reasons, the virus is activated and begins to grow.Thus, papillomas appear.
The factors that negatively affect the immune system include:
- Constant stress.
- Poor or monotonous nutrition.
- Lack of vitamins.
- Chronic fatigue.
- Passive lifestyle.
- Bad habits.
- Malignant tumors.
- Transferred serious infectious diseases.
- Non -controlled intake of antibiotics.
At risk are older people, because due to age -related changes, the body is worse confronts viruses.Often skin formations usually occur in children.The child's unsuccessful immunity is not able to deal with the virus.And he, after 2-3 months after the infection, enters the active phase.
Important! If a person is infected with HPV, it is impossible to completely remove it from the body.Hold self -tape, or fits a "hibernation" with greater immunity.
Risk factors for women
During pregnancy in women, natural inhibition of the immune system occurs.This is necessary so that the body does not notice the embryo as an alien object and give it the opportunity to attach to the womb.If a woman on her body has a human papillomavirus, he will definitely use this moment.Therefore, in pregnant women, the occurrence of papillomas is a common problem.
Risk factors for men
The causes of skin formations in men are in alcohol abuse, frequent change of sexual partners, smoke.Bad habits negatively affect the state of general immunity and the constant inhalation of smoke inhalations from the local protection of the oral cavity and the respiratory organs.This can cause such a severe disease as laryngeal papillomatosis.
On average, the latent period (hidden) lasts from 3 months to one year.With strong health, an infected person remains only one carrier, without external manifestations.But the danger is that he is able to infect someone else.
Ways to infect HPV
The causative agent is able to survive outside the human body for some time.Infection occurs more often by transmitting the virus through the way of the property in contact.It can be a hand grip, touch, as well as the use of ordinary household items, toys.Cases of infection in public recreation are frequent.They are baths, pool, water parks.
But to penetrate the dermal layer of the skin, a condition is required - damage to the skin.For infection, there will be enough microcrack or small abrasions.
In a newborn child, the infection occurs along the vertical path, that is, the mother carrier in the process of delivery or with breastfeeding.
Genital and pointed papillomas or condylomas are transmitted only through unprotected sex.Auto -extension is also possible, that is, the transfer of the virus from one part of the body to another.This happens when combing or hurting growth, for example, during shaving.
The main types and types of papillomas
There are many HPV strains.Medicine is known only about 200 types of viruses.Some of them affect only areas of the body, others - the mucous membranes of the genitals and others appear in the oral cavity and larynx.
Among the known species, there are types that have high oncogenic risk.For example, the most dangerous for a woman are viruses 16, 18 and 31. They are often detected with cervical erosion and also cause their degeneration in a cancer tumor.The presence in the body of highly oncogenic types of viruses does not mean that a person necessarily has oncology.But this requires a more attentive attitude to health and observation by an expert.
The following types of papillomas are distinguished by size and shape:
- Vulgar - These are more common and most common growth.They usually appear between the fingers, on the sole of the legs, chin.Juré Condiloma has a slightly suffocated solid appearance due to walking and pressure.Often painful but not cancer.
- Cinema or acrochords - They are characteristic of the elderly.Dense dense color dense.Growth of tenderness over time.Always have a thin leg.They are located by armpits, neck, folds of the skin and groin.It is not capable of malignancy.
- Flat - Small numerous skin formations in a flat way.They rise a little above the skin.They have a body color or slightly brown.They are located on the face, at the top of the chest, in the anus area.Low risk of malformation.
- Clear warts or condyloma - arise only in the genitals.The path of infection is predominantly sexual.Capable of rebirth in evil education.
Some forms of HPV lead to a dangerous disease of laryngeal papillomatosis.The plate and white growths prevent normal breathing, affect vocal cords.This condition can lead to asphyxiation.Often this diagnosis is diagnosed in children.With a complicated current, the virus decreases and affects bronchi, lungs and trachea.
The danger of skin growth
Most of them do not represent a threat to life and health.They are just an aesthetic defect and cause psychological discomfort.
But if the papilloma is caused by a high level of oncogenicity, in adverse circumstances, this can lead to an cancer diagnosis.Evil education leads to strong poisoning as well as metastases.
Factors capable of provoking the malformation of education:
- Solar burns and exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
- Papilloma infection as a result of its injury;
- Chronic inflammation in the body and persistent decrease in immunity.
In addition, growths usually grow, its number increases.They tend to merge into groups, as a result, a large affected area is formed.Rubbing clothes can lead to growth and bleeding growth.
When to see a doctor
Be sure to contact a dermatologist for inspection if the following changes are noted:
- After the injury, the wound does not heal.Fluid release is observed, pain occurs when touching.
- The color of formation became darker.
- Papilloma began to increase in size.
- Distance from pus.
- The appearance of an unpleasant odor.
- Rubbing the pain even at rest.
- Hair loss in the growth zone.
Any skin education is subject to examination and observation with a genetic predisposition to oncology.If papillomas bring discomfort in everyday life and interfere, they are subject to mechanical removal.
Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas
Depending on the location place, you should contact a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist.The following studies are necessarily conducted to evaluate growth:
- Dermatoscopy is a detailed study of papilloma through an expansion device.
- Blood examination for detection of antibodies to HPV.
- PCR diagnosis.
- Biomaterial capture for histology (with suspicion of malignancy of education).
In vaginal formations, the doctor takes strokes from the urethra or cervix.The analysis is performed for STD availability.Diagnoses in the presence of a condom are performed by both partners.
With several rashes, it is possible to perform an analysis to verify the immune status.
The therapy of the disease aims to suppress the virus and increase immunity.For this, the preliminary removal of all growths, such as sources of the virus.Then antiviral therapy and immunomodulators ingestion are performed.
Formation removal methods
Depending on the size and place of location, the doctor may offer the following operational removal methods.
- Cryodestruction or exposure to liquid nitrogen.
The disadvantage of this method is that the expert cannot accurately control the depth of exposure.For this reason, they are possible burns or incomplete exclusion of education. - Laser removal
This is a modern method that allows you to get rid of various formations in a session.Leaves no scars or scars.This does not lead to bleeding as the process of paletage of blood vessels occurs.It has several against -indications. - Electrocoagulation.
This method involves the impact on growth using the electrode.Effective for protruding papillomas that have a leg.It is used in the intimate area.Advantage: Remote growth can be sent to more laboratory research. - Radio wave method or radio method -Bear.
An expert can individually choose the length and strength of the radio wave given the depth of growth.It is performed using the surgitron device.Healthy cells are not damaged, there is a punctual effect on growth with a thin electrode.Rehabilitation is not necessary.
In rare cases, surgical excision of education is used.It is used for large formations or in the presence of signs of malignment.This is the most radical but effective method.Subsequent recovery is required.Often there is a small scar.The risk of relapse is minimal, since the surgeon completely removes growth, affecting the healthy area.An operation undergoes local anesthesia.
Unique common papillomas can be removed using special chemical compounds.They contain alkalis or acid in the composition.But with this method, there is a great risk of burning.Also, with incomplete removal of growth, new formations arise.The independent withdrawal of the formations can lead to serious negative consequences.
Preventive measures
It is possible to protect itself completely from HPV infection with vaccination only.But it is advisable to spend it only before the beginning of sexual activity.Protects only from the most dangerous types of the virus that can lead to oncology.
To reduce the risk of papillomas, it is necessary to observe elementary rules.
- In public places of rest, do not walk barefoot.Use only your shoes.
- In public toilets, use the disposable coating.
- Use a condom for an oral and vaginal form of sex.But this will only give 50% protection, as there is a simple body contact sufficient for infection.
- Fight for a monogamous relationship.
- To minimize narrow communication with an infected person who has external manifestations of the disease.
Private attention should be given to health if pregnancy is planned.To do this, firsthand in the HPV detection test.
To avoid relapse of the pathology after removal, you need to accurately observe all the doctor's recommendations.You should take care of immunity, supporting it at the ideal level.To do this, you need to eat correctly and fully, play sports and abandon bad habits.
The very presence of HPV in the body is not a reason to sound the alarm and begin increased treatment.But if the skin is found on the skin, it is better to consult a doctor.